Local Customs & Etiquette in Jeddah, Makkah al Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia
1. Abaya and Hijab dress code
Women are required to wear an Abaya, a loose black robe, and a Hijab, a headscarf, in public places. This is a respectful way to blend in with the local culture.
- Respect for local customs: Demonstrating respect for Saudi Arabian cultural values and norms
- Modest dress: Ensuring appropriate attire to avoid unwanted attention or discomfort
- Pack light: Abayas can be purchased in Jeddah, but bringing your own may save time and provide a more comfortable fit.
2. Separation of Gender
Men and women are segregated in many public places such as shopping malls and restaurants. It's important to comply with these rules for a smooth experience.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding and respecting Saudi Arabian societal norms regarding gender segregation
- Navigating public spaces: Becoming familiar with the layout of facilities to find family/friend sections or areas designated for mixed-gender interaction.
- Expecting the unexpected: Preparing for occasional exceptions to the gender segregation rule in certain establishments or events.
3. Greeting and Salutation
Shake hands with men and greet women with a nod or smile. Avoid physical contact with women unless you are close friends or family.
- Respect for personal space: Avoiding any form of inappropriate touch or familiarity, especially with women
- Cultural norms: Understanding and adhering to the local customs regarding greetings and salutations.
- Building relationships: Developing a rapport with locals by showing respect, patience, and openness during interactions.
4. Alcohol Prohibition
Consumption of alcohol is strictly prohibited in public places. Be cautious when dining at hotels or expat-friendly venues.
- Respect for local laws: Compliance with Saudi Arabian regulations regarding alcohol consumption
- Locating alcohol-free options: Finding suitable establishments that cater to families or adhere to local customs
- Packing alternatives: Bringing non-alcoholic beverages as a substitute for alcohol during the journey.
5. Purdah
Some conservative women may choose to wear a face veil (Niqab) or gloves, further covering their hands and face. Be mindful of these individuals' personal space.
- Respect for personal privacy: Avoiding any unwanted attention or intrusion into the privacy of veiled women.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding and adapting to the varying levels of modesty and conservatism among Saudi Arabian women.
- Building trust: Taking time to build rapport with conservative women, as they may be more cautious in unfamiliar settings.
6. Public Holidays
Be aware of local holidays and adjust your travel plans accordingly. Public transportation and some businesses may be affected.
- Adapting to the local calendar: Planning travel itineraries around Saudi Arabian holidays to minimize disruptions.
- Respecting religious observances: Understanding and accommodating the significance of Islamic holidays in Jeddah.
- Learning about local traditions: Gaining insights into the customs and practices associated with Saudi Arabian holidays.
7. Business Etiquette
Building strong relationships is essential in Saudi business culture. Be patient, persistent, and demonstrate respect.
- Relationship-building: Recognizing the importance of building trust and rapport before discussing business matters.
- Formality: Adopting a formal, respectful demeanor during professional interactions.
- Gift-giving: Offering small gifts as a gesture of goodwill and appreciation, but ensuring they are culturally appropriate.
8. Ramadan Customs
During Ramadan, Muslims fast during daylight hours. Respect local customs by not eating, drinking, or smoking in public during the day.
- Respect for religious practices: Adhering to Islamic dietary restrictions and avoid any visible signs of food or drink during daylight hours.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding and empathizing with the spiritual significance of Ramadan for Muslims in Jeddah.
- Adapting to local habits: Modifying your daily routine to accommodate the changes during Ramadan, such as eating only after sunset and adjusting travel plans.
9. Photography Guidelines
Avoid taking photos of women without their consent, and be discreet when photographing in public places.
- Respect for privacy: Avoiding invasive photography or any actions that may violate personal privacy.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding the local customs and norms surrounding photography, especially in relation to women.
- Obtaining consent: Asking for permission before taking photos of individuals, especially women, who may be unfamiliar with tourists.
10. Dining Customs
Wait to be invited to sit before doing so, and avoid left-hand use when eating. Sharing food is a common practice.
- Respect for local customs: Acknowledging and adhering to Saudi Arabian dining etiquette to show respect.
- Building relationships: Engaging in the sharing of food as a way to strengthen bonds with locals and fellow diners.
- Hand usage: Being mindful of left-hand use when eating, as it is considered impolite in Saudi Arabia.
11. Visiting Mosques
Women should wear a headscarf and an Abaya when visiting mosques. Men should remove their shoes and cover their heads.
- Respect for religious sites: Adhering to the dress code and behavioral expectations in Jeddah's mosques.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding and appreciating the significance of mosques as holy places for Muslims.
- Modest attire: Ensuring appropriate dress to show respect and adhere to local customs when visiting a mosque.
12. Traffic Rules
Driving laws in Jeddah can be different from other countries. Familiarize yourself with Saudi traffic regulations to ensure safety.
- Safety: Prioritizing your own and others' safety by understanding the local driving laws.
- Respect for traffic signs: Obeying Saudi Arabian traffic rules to prevent accidents or fines.
- Adjusting to road conditions: Becoming accustomed to the local driving habits and road conditions in Jeddah.
13. Shopping Customs
Bargaining is common when shopping for souvenirs or goods in traditional markets. Be prepared to negotiate prices.
- Negotiating skills: Developing the ability to negotiate effectively to secure better deals.
- Cultural exchange: Engaging in the local shopping experience and building cross-cultural connections.
- Bargaining etiquette: Respecting the seller's initial price and maintaining a friendly, yet firm negotiation style.
14. Tipping Guidelines
Tipping is customary in restaurants and hotels. A service charge may already be included, so check before leaving a tip.
- Appreciation for good service: Leaving a tip to show gratitude for quality service received.
- Avoiding double-tipping: Checking for any included service charge before leaving an additional tip.
- Local expectations: Complying with local tipping customs to maintain a positive relationship with service providers.
15. Public Transportation
Women-only cars are available on public buses and the metro for added comfort and safety.
- Safety and comfort: Using women-only transport options to ensure a safer, more comfortable journey.
- Cultural sensitivity: Understanding and respecting Saudi Arabian customs regarding gender segregation in public transportation.
- Navigating the city: Familiarizing yourself with the public transport system to efficiently travel around Jeddah.