Moscow can be very cold, especially in winter. Packing thermals, a heavy coat, and warm accessories like scarves and gloves will keep you comfortable when exploring the city. Layering is key to adapt to sudden changes in temperature when moving between heated buildings and cold outdoors.

Moscow's streets, from cobblestone roads to expansive metro stations, require a lot of walking. A sturdy pair of shoes will save you from discomfort after long sightseeing days. Consider shoes that are both comfortable and suitable for different weather conditions.

Moscow uses the Euro plug, which may differ from the plug type in your home country. A universal power adapter will ensure you can charge your devices without issues. This is particularly important for keeping phones, cameras, and laptops functional.

Stay hydrated while reducing waste by carrying a reusable water bottle. Moscow has numerous fountains and tap water is usually safe to drink. A bottle with insulation will keep beverages warm or cool depending on the season.

While many in Moscow speak English, language barriers can still be a challenge. Having a translation app or a small phrasebook can assist with communication in shops, restaurants, and attractions. It can also be helpful when navigating transportation or understanding signs.

A detailed travel guide and map tailored to Moscow will help plan your itinerary and discover hidden gems. With highlights on public transport options, cultural sites, and dining spots, you’ll be well-prepared. A physical copy can be a lifesaver if your phone battery dies.

Always have your passport and a few copies in case of loss while traveling in Moscow. Some attractions and hotels require your ID for entry or check-in. Copies can help ease the stress in case of emergencies.

Stay connected with a portable WiFi device or a local SIM card. Moscow has many spots with free WiFi, but a personal connection ensures constant access for maps, bookings, and communications. It’s essential for emergency contacts and apps requiring data.

A small, lightweight backpack is ideal for carrying essentials during daily excursions. It should hold items like a camera, water bottle, and guidebook comfortably. Consider one with safety features to protect against pickpocketing.

Even post-pandemic, carrying hand sanitizer and masks can help prevent illness while traveling. It's important for use in crowded places like the metro or during flu season. Masks can also be required in some venues or public transport.

A card with important contact numbers and basic Russian phrases can be crucial. Include family/friends' numbers, embassy contacts, and local emergency services. This prepares you for unexpected situations where digital devices may fail.

While many places accept credit cards, some small vendors and transport options may only take cash. Rubles in small denominations are particularly useful. Plan your exchange to avoid high fees from ATMs or money changers.

Moscow’s weather can be unpredictable, with sudden rains or snow. A weather-proof jacket keeps you dry and warm without the need for multiple clothes changes. Choose a jacket that balances warmth with breathability.

Keep energy levels up with healthy snacks, particularly if planning long trips around the city or to museums like the State Tretyakov Gallery. Quick, nutritious snacks can stave off hunger until you find nearby eateries.

Capture memories of stunning landmarks like Red Square and St. Basil's Cathedral. High-quality photos require a decent camera or a smartphone with good resolution. Ensure to have ample storage or a backup device.

Carrying personal medications and a small first-aid kit ensures you're prepared for minor health issues. Include basics like bandages, pain relief, and any personal prescriptions. Pharmacies are available, but may not stock specific brands or types.

Moscow's weather includes frequent unexpected showers. A compact umbrella or a foldable rain poncho can save the day and keep you dry. Durable materials can withstand wind while protecting your clothing.

Emergencies can happen, and having travel insurance is a smart move. Carry the necessary documentation to claim coverage when required. This ensures peace of mind should any incidents occur.

Long flights or downtime in Moscow may call for some entertainment. Books, music, podcasts, or games can keep you occupied. Having offline options is useful where internet isn’t available.

Protect your skin from sun damage, even in colder months. Sun reflecting off snow can cause burns and dry out skin. Lip balm prevents chapping caused by harsh winds and cold.